Conditional Sentences in English Grammar Rules PDF

Hi Readers,

         When the work done of first sentence, depend on second sentence that sentence is called is conditional sentence. After reading this you will easily solve the error questions from this section.

e.g. You will succeed provided you work hard.

In conditional sentences below words will definitely come.

1.     If……,

2.     Provided

3.     As soon as…… no sooner…… than

4.     When…….

5.     Unless……, Until……,

There are two parts of Conditional sentences

1.     If Clause

2.     Main clause

Mainly There are three types of conditional sentences

A. If clause in present tense
B. If clause in past tense
C. If clause in past tense
D. Other types of conditional sentences

A. IF CLAUSE IN PRESENT TENSE

General formula-

If + Simple present, simple future

Ø  In this type of sentences ‘If Clause’ is in Simple Present and ‘Main clause’ is in Simple Future.

If I will come to Delhi, I will meet you.                    (Incorrect)

If I come to Delhi, I will meet you.                           (Correct)

If two work is in future back to back, and second work is depend on first work, then first work is in Simple Present Tense and second work is in Simple Future Tense.

Some examples:-

1.    She will come to meet you as soon as you will reach Delhi. (Incorrect)

She will come to meet you as soon as you reach Delhi. (Correct)

2.    If the government will be become strict, corruption will surely

 finish. (Incorrect)

If the government becomes strict, corruption will surely finish. (Correct)

3.    I will help him provided he will mend his ways. (Incorrect)

I will help him provided he mends his ways. (Correct)

4.    Unless he will not take care of his health, he will not recover. (Incorrect)

Unless he takes care of his health, he will not recover. (Correct)

5.    There will be rush at the platform when the train will arrive. (Incorrect)

There will be rush at the platform when the train arrives. (Correct)

In above sentences of If don’t use will/shall/would

Note:- In below sentences ,After sub+ will/shall don’t use

If, as soon as, provided, before, after, until, unless, in case, when, lest.

1.     With ‘Unless or until’ don’t use ‘not’.(See sentence 4)

2.     In Conditional Sentences after when don’t use will/ shall.(See sentence 5)

 If the sentence is in completely present form then it can be in‘Main clause’ simple present. e.g.

1.      If it rains, the schools remain closed.

 If there is possibility in sentence then in place of will, ‘may/might’ will be use.

1.      If it rains, the students may not come for class.

2.      If the fog doesn’t clear, the plane may get late.

 If the sentence shows order then in place of ‘will’, ‘May’ will use. e.g.

1.      If you finish your work, you may go home.

If any sentence shows Advise/ suggestion then in place of will, should/must be use. e.g.

1.      If you want to remain healthy, you should exercise daily.

2.      If you do not know him, you must not open the door.

If any sentence shows etiquette/manner then could, may will definitely be use. e.g.

1.      If you meet him, could you tell him to call me up?

2.      If you come to Delhi, would you come to meet me?

In ‘If clause’ In place of simple present tense, present continuous tense can also be use. e.g.

1.      If you are waiting for the bus, you should better take a taxi.

2.      If you are not reading the newspaper, you should let others read it.

In ‘If clause’ present perfect tense can also be use.

1.      If you have finished the work, you may leave.

2.      If they have bought tickets, they will surely go to see the movie.

B. IF CLAUSE IN PAST TENSE

General formula-

If + Simple Past, Subject + would + V1

e.g. If I had money, I would lend it to you.

·        This type of sentence shows ‘improbability’.

In above sentence ‘If I had money’ clearly shows that ‘there is no money.

C. ‘IF’ CLAUSE IN PAST PERFECT TENSE

General formula-

If + Past Perfect, Sub + would + have +V3

   Example:-

If I had seen you, I would have stopped my car.

·        In this type of sentence. The work has shown in ‘If clause’ sentence, that work has shown not done.

Means ‘If I had seen you’ shows that ‘I had not seen you’.

·  In this type of sentence ‘If’ can be replace by ‘had’.

Then the formula

Had + Subject + V3 + obj, subject + would + have + V3

 Example:-

Had I seen you, I would have stopped my car.

THREE IMPORTANT FORMULAE

If + Present Indefinite, Simple Future

If + S + had + V3, S + would + have + V3

If + S + V2 ,  S + would + V1

D. OTHER TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

i)  Imaginative sentences

General Formula-

If + subject + were, subject + would + V1

e.g. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.

Ø  For imaginative sentences with all subjects ‘were’ will be use.

 For below sentences was will not use.

If, as though, in case, as if, would that and I wish.

e.g. He scolded me as if he was my father.            (Incorrect)

He scolded me as if he were my father.                 (Correct)

ii)         In ‘If clause’ sentences ‘Unless’ so long, as soon as, when, provided, suppose, in case, but, for can also be use.

e.g. (1) Unless you work hard, you will not pass.

Note:- with Unless, ‘not’ will not use. Unless you work hard we mean ‘If you do not work hard.’

Means   Unless + affirmative = If + negative.

1.      I shall support him so long as I am alive.

2.      As soon as the train comes, there will be rush for seats.

3.      When he comes to Delhi, I will go to meet him.

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