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Simple Interest and Compound Interest - Concepts

Published on Wednesday, February 26, 2014
Today, we are going to discuss a very interesting topic Simple and Compound interest.

It deals with the money matters. By the end of it, we shall be familiar with the basic formulas used for the calculation of simple and compound interest and their practical applications.

Various terms to be used along with their general representation are:

INTEREST

It is money paid by borrower for using the lender's money for a specified period of time.

Denoted by I.

PRINCIPAL

The original sum borrowed. Denoted by P.

TIME

Time period for which the money is borrowed. Denoted by n

RATE OF INTEREST

Rate at which interest is calculated on the original sum. Denoted by r.

AMOUNT

Sum of Principal plus Interest. Denoted by A.

SIMPLE INTEREST

The interest calculated every year on original principal, i.e. the sum at the beginning of first year. Denoted by SI.

SI = Pnr

A=P+SI

COMPOUND INTEREST

The interest is added to the principal at the end of each period to arrive at the new principal for the next period.

OR

The amount at the end of year will become principal for the next year and so on.

Let P be principal borrowed at the beginning of period 1.

Amount at end of period n=1 is

A= P (1+r/100)

Then,

New Principal at the beginning of period 2 will be A i.e. P (1+r/100) = P*R where R=(1+r/100).

Lets’ checkout the applicability of the above concept with an example

Consider P at the beginning of year of Rs 100 and r=10% p.a. Now, for the next three years the calculation of simple and compound interest is as follows:


Under Simple Interest
Under compound interest
Year
Principal at beginning of year
Interest for the year
Interest till the end of the year
Amount at the end of the year
Principal at the beginning of the year
Interest for the year
Interest till the end of the year
Amount at the end of the year
1
100
10
10
110
100
10
10
110
2
100
10
20
120
110
11
21
121
3
100
10
30
130
121
12.1
33.1
133.1

As can be seen from table,

UNDER SIMPLE INTEREST
UNDER COMPOUND INTEREST
P is same for every year
A at the end of every year = P for next year
I is same for every year
I is different for each year.

Hope you are clear with the ‘interesting aspect of this topic!
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Ramandeep Singh

Ramandeep Singh - Educator

I'm Ramandeep Singh, your guide to banking and insurance exams. With 14 years of experience and over 5000 successful selections, I understand the path to success firsthand, having transitioned from Dena Bank and SBI. I'm passionate about helping you achieve your banking and insurance dreams.

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