1. Because/As/Since:
Result comes before the reason.Example
- Crime is increasing in U.P. because there is no govt. in U.P.
- I drank a glass of water because I was thirsty.
- Since she started the journey, she has been feeling sick.
2. So/Therefore:
Reason comes before the result.Example
- He served the security selflessly so he got many awards.
- I was thirsty so I drank a glass of water.
3. As/Because/Since
If these three words As/Because/Since(dependent clause) is in the beginning of any sentence, use a comma(,) before the independent clause.
Example
Example
- Because I was thirsty, I drank a glass of water.
- As our country is liberal, other countries try to oppose us.
4. Either/Neither:
Either: one out of twoNeither: none out of two
Example
- Either she or you are to blame for the mismanagement of the domestic affairs.
- Either movie is interesting.
- Neither movie is interesting.
- In old age, neither of his two sons is prepared to come to his help.
5. When/As long as
We use when as a conjunction meaning ‘at the time that’. The clause with when is a subordinate clause (sc) and needs a main clause (mc) to complete its meaning.
Example
When he awoke to reality, all had been lost.
When calamity befell the family, he faced it boldly.
When he awoke to reality, all had been lost.
When calamity befell the family, he faced it boldly.
We use as long as to refer to the intended duration of a plan or idea, most commonly referring to the future. We always use the present simple to refer to the future after as long as:
Example
Example
- We are very happy for you to stay at our house as long as you like.
- I’ll remember that film as long as I live
6. No sooner…Than
No sooner+ H.V.+ subject+ rest verb…………. Than
Example
- No sooner did the thief see the policeman than he ran away.
- No sooner was he brought here than he began to feel uneasy.
7. Hardly/Scarcely……When/Before
(No sooner, hardly, barely, scarcely, rarely, Seldom: मुश्किल से
Seldom if ever: मुश्किल से कभी, seldom or never: मुश्किल से क्या कभी भी नहीं)
Seldom if ever: मुश्किल से कभी, seldom or never: मुश्किल से क्या कभी भी नहीं)
Example
Example
In Such that, We need a new subject after that
Example
- Hardly had I left the house when it began to rain.
- Hardly had I stepped out of my house when I saw some policemen coming towards my house.
8. Although/Though……yet
Always takes opposite sense with it.Example
- Although India has all natural resources yet it is not developed.
- Though he ran fast, he could not escape from the police.
- Although she has studied English for almost a year, she has yet to learn the alphabet.
9. Such as/ Such that
Such As work as a subjectIn Such that, We need a new subject after that
Example
- The Internet is such a medium that the people are using it in a great deal.
- No such boy as is living here will do this.
10. Same as/ Same that
Same..as (two objects in two cases)
Same.....that (one object in two cases)
Same.....that (one object in two cases)
Example
- I have the same laptop as you are using.
- This is the same car that I saw yesterday.
