National Symbols of India: Flag, Emblem, Anthem, Song, Tree

1.National Flag

Adopted on	22 July 1947
Designed by	Pingali venkayya
Description	The national flag consists of three horizontal and parallel strips with kesariya at the top, white in the middle and green color at the bottom with Ashoka Chakra at the centre. The Ashok Chakra has 24 spokes. It was derived from lion capitol of Ashok at Sarnath, Bihar. The width to length ratio of the flag is 2:3. All the rules and regulations regarding flag hosting of the national flag is given in Flag Code of India 2002. It was adopted on 26 January 2002. It emphasizes on the freedom of the flag hosting in educational and private institutions as per Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950 and Prevention of Insult of Symbols Act, 1971.

2. National Emblem

Adopted on	26 January 1950
Adopted from	lion capitol of Ashok at Sarnath, Bihar
Description	It depicts 4 lions facing 4 different directions along with a bull, an elephant and a horse. ‘Satyamev Jayate’ is written in Devnagari script means ‘Truth only Triumphs’. It is taken from Mundak Upnishad.

3.National Anthem:- Jan- Gan -Mana

Adopted on	24 January 1950
Written by	Rabindranath Tagore
Language	Bangla
Playing time	52 sec
Description	First time sung in Kolkata session of Indian National congress in 22 December 1911. It originally have 5 stanzas.

4.National Song:- Vande-Mataram

Adopted on	24 January 1950
Written by	Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
Language	Bangla
Playing time	52 sec
Description	First time sung in Kolkata session of Indian National congress in 22 December 1911. It originally have 5 stanzas.

5. National Calendar

National  Calendar	There are two national calendars  Saka calendar Gregorian calendar
Adopted on	Gregorian calendar was official calendar during British rule Saka calender on 22 March 1957
Description	First month of saka calendar is Chaitra. 22 March is the first day of Chaitra month. 21 March is the first day of a leap year. First month of Gregorian calendar is January.

National flower - lotus

• Indian lotus is the national flower. It is the Representative of purity as it remains flawless despite growing in mud and water.

National Fruit - Mango

• Mango, also known as the 'king of Fruits', is the National Fruit of India.

National River - Ganga

• Ganga is the National River of India. It is also the longest river in the country.

National Tree - Bnayan

• The Indian Bnayan ( Ficus bengalensis) is the national tree.

National Bird - Peacock

•  Indian peacock (pavo cirstatus) is the national bird of India.

National Animal- Lion

• The tiger known as the bird of the jungle is the national animal of India.

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